Procedure
Follow these steps to determine the Removal of Hardness of Water by Ion Exchange Column
1. Fill the burette with N/20 K2Cr2O7.
2. Take 25ml of ferrous ammonium sulphate solution.
3. Add 5ml H2SO4.
4. Place small drop of the indicator on a white glazed tile.
5. Run into dichromate from burette into titration flask, 1ml at a time with constant shaking/swirled.
6. Now withdraw a drop at mixture from flask with a thin glass rod and mix it with one drops of indicator on the tile (i.e., outside the titration flask).
7. If a blue color appears, it means the end point has not yet been reached.
8. Now add another 1ml dichromate and again test it with indicators until no blue color obtained. The reading of the burette at this point will give the volume required for oxidation.
9. Repeat the titration for concordant reading.
Safety Precautions:
1. Titrate with 1ml at a time.
2. Operate burette with carefully.